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Our datasets include clinics and hospitals to enable clinical insights and medical automation.",[140,143,146,149,152,155,158,161,164,167,170,173,176,179,182,185,188,191,194],{"name":141,"value":142},"Operating Theatre \u002F OR","37",{"name":144,"value":145},"Consultation Room","38",{"name":147,"value":148},"Treatment Room","39",{"name":150,"value":151},"Dental Clinic","40",{"name":153,"value":154},"Inpatient Ward","41",{"name":156,"value":157},"Nurse Station","42",{"name":159,"value":160},"ICU","43",{"name":162,"value":163},"NICU (Neonatal ICU)","44",{"name":165,"value":166},"Emergency Room (ER)","45",{"name":168,"value":169},"Hospital Corridor","46",{"name":171,"value":172},"Waiting Area","47",{"name":174,"value":175},"CT\u002FMRI","48",{"name":177,"value":178},"Medical Laboratory","49",{"name":180,"value":181},"Phlebotomy Room","50",{"name":183,"value":184},"Rehabilitation Gym","51",{"name":186,"value":187},"Assisted Living Room","52",{"name":189,"value":190},"Pharmacy","53",{"name":192,"value":193},"Sterile Processing Dept","54",{"name":195,"value":196},"Medical Storage","55",{"name":198,"value":17,"add_value":199,"describe":200,"children":201},"Business & Public Service","business","AI is elevating commercial and public services. 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Our datasets capture terrestrial landscapes, aerial vistas and aquatic ecosystems to support environmental monitoring and autonomous exploration systems.",[342,345,348,351,354,357,360,363,366,369],{"name":343,"value":344},"Deep Forest","76",{"name":346,"value":347},"Farmland \u002F Crops","77",{"name":349,"value":350},"River \u002F Lake","78",{"name":352,"value":353},"Open Ocean","79",{"name":355,"value":356},"Underwater Coral Reef","80",{"name":358,"value":359},"Fish Farm","81",{"name":361,"value":362},"Mountain Terrain","82",{"name":364,"value":365},"Urban Low Altitude","83",{"name":367,"value":368},"Fire Scene","84",{"name":370,"value":371},"Desert \u002F Gobi","85",{"name":373,"value":48,"add_value":374,"describe":375,"children":376},"Virtul & Digital","siri","AI is reshaping the virtual realm. 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E-commerce","智能客服：通过自然语言对话理解用户需求，提供产品推荐、订单查询、退换货支持等服务，提升客户满意度。\n个性化营销推荐：基于用户浏览、购买、偏好等行为数据，生成个性化推荐内容与优惠策略，提高转化率和客单价。\n商品内容生成：自动撰写商品标题、卖点描述、使用说明等内容，适用于海量SKU的内容生产与多语言发布。","buy",{"id":520,"value":520,"name":521,"intro":522,"add_value":523,"describe":8},10,"Security & Protection",null,"safe-shield-line",{"id":525,"value":525,"name":526,"intro":522,"add_value":527,"describe":8},11,"Environment & Climate","weather",{"id":529,"value":529,"name":530,"intro":522,"add_value":531,"describe":8},12,"Energy & Resource","energy-leaf",{"id":533,"value":533,"name":534,"intro":522,"add_value":535,"describe":8},13,"Express & Logistics","speed-outline",{"id":537,"value":537,"name":538,"intro":522,"add_value":539,"describe":8},15,"Sports","baseball-outline",{"id":541,"value":541,"name":542,"intro":522,"add_value":543,"describe":8},16,"General Data","daily-booth",{"id":545,"value":545,"name":546,"intro":522,"add_value":547,"describe":8},17,"Content & 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Culture","lang",{"id":564,"unique_code":565,"title":566,"icon":8,"intro":567,"cate":483,"detail":568,"create_time":569,"update_time":570,"price":571,"view_count":572,"download_count":573,"unit":573,"amount":574,"is_create_order":573,"enterprise_id":488,"seo_keywords":575,"seo_description":576,"data_format":577,"file_size":578,"apply_scene":579,"training_task":580,"version":581,"dataset_type_id":492,"dataset_scene_id":553,"sample_file":8,"banner":8,"unit_name":8,"cate_name":449,"icon_url":8,"banner_url":8,"sample_file_url":8,"data_dict":582,"qa_list":624,"sample_metadatas":641,"text_sample_content":675,"enterprise_name":676,"enterprise_logo":677,"data_distribution":678},1113,"6569067dc33ecd30d74a5f9b55132be3","5G Core Network Protocol Encoding and Decoding and Information Element Code Verification Benchmark","Evaluate code verification and root-cause analysis with 5G core protocol codec and information element edge cases.","\u003Cp>This benchmark contains source code examples related to 5G core network protocol message encoding and decoding, as well as information element parsing and validation. It focuses on defect-prone cases involving length handling, optional fields, and boundary conditions. Each case pairs test inputs with expected constraints and records validation results, defect categories, affected information elements, root causes, and code evidence, supporting evaluation of models' protocol verification and root-cause analysis capabilities.\u003C\u002Fp>","2026-10-10 11:28:12","2026-10-19 16:30:39","0.00",28,0,5000,"5G core network protocols, protocol encoding and decoding, information element parsing, code verification benchmark, protocol test cases, boundary condition testing, defect root cause analysis, source code evaluation","A 5G core network benchmark covering protocol codec and information element defects in length handling, optional fields, and boundary conditions for code and","JSON","0.5GB","5G core network protocol validation, telecom software testing, protocol fault diagnosis","code verification, root cause analysis, protocol encoding and decoding validation","V1.0",[583,588,593,599,604,609,614,619],{"id":573,"name":584,"field":585,"intro":586,"type":587},"File Name","file_name","File name","string",{"id":589,"name":590,"field":591,"intro":592,"type":587},8079,"Code Evidence","evidence","Code location, key logic, or validation observation supporting the defect finding.",{"id":594,"name":595,"field":596,"intro":597,"type":598},8080,"Protocol Test Case","test_case","Original test input and expected constraints used to verify protocol handling behavior.","object",{"id":600,"name":601,"field":602,"intro":603,"type":587},8081,"Source Code","source_code","Source code to verify for protocol encoding and decoding or information element parsing and validation.",{"id":605,"name":606,"field":607,"intro":608,"type":587},8082,"Bug Root Cause","bug_root_cause","Code logic or constraint handling that causes protocol behavior to deviate from expectations.",{"id":610,"name":611,"field":612,"intro":613,"type":587},8083,"Defect Category","defect_category","Category of the identified protocol handling defect.",{"id":615,"name":616,"field":617,"intro":618,"type":587},8084,"Validation Result","validation_result","Whether code execution or rule checking conforms to the expected constraints.",{"id":620,"name":621,"field":622,"intro":623,"type":587},8085,"Affected Information Element","affected_information_element","Name of the information element with a parsing, encoding, or validation issue; use unknown when it cannot be determined.",[625,629,633,637],{"id":626,"question":627,"answer":628},5901,"What does the benchmark cover?","It contains source code examples for 5G core network protocol encoding and decoding, along with information element parsing and validation. Test inputs and expected constraints focus on issues such as length handling, optional fields, and boundary conditions.",{"id":630,"question":631,"answer":632},5902,"What validation details are provided for each case?","Fields include the source code, protocol test case, validation result, defect category, affected information element, bug root cause, and code evidence. Together, these details help assess whether code behavior meets the expected constraints.",{"id":634,"question":635,"answer":636},5903,"Which evaluation scenarios is it suited for?","It is suited to verification of 5G core protocol handling code and to evaluating whether models can identify encoding, decoding, or information element defects, explain their root causes, and support findings with code evidence. Interpret results in the context of the target implementation and test environment.",{"id":638,"question":639,"answer":640},5904,"How can the dataset be obtained, and what are the licensing terms?","Access methods, available formats, and licensing terms are governed by the dataset listing or terms published by the provider; no download method or license type is specified here. Check the applicable terms before use and follow all usage requirements.",[642,655,665],{"id":643,"relate_table":644,"relate_id":645,"file_size":573,"file_name":8,"path":8,"duration":573,"cate":483,"file_format":8,"audio_rate":8,"audio_channel":522,"audio_bit_depth":522,"quality":8,"annotation":646,"cate_name":647,"evidence":648,"test_case":649,"source_code":650,"bug_root_cause":651,"defect_category":652,"validation_result":653,"affected_information_element":654},14740,"union_cubo",698382757,"{\"evidence\": \"With input 0060, the length slice data[2:4] is empty and int.from_bytes returns zero. The code then returns an IE with an empty value instead of rejecting the incomplete header.\", \"test_case\": \"{\\\"protocol_name\\\": \\\"PFCP (N4)\\\", \\\"message_type\\\": \\\"Generic PFCP IE header\\\", \\\"encoded_message_hex\\\": \\\"0060\\\", \\\"test_condition\\\": \\\"The input ends after the two-octet IE type and contains neither octet of the required length field.\\\", \\\"expected_behavior\\\": \\\"Reject the input as a truncated IE header before interpreting a length or returning an IE value.\\\"}\", \"source_code\": \"def parse_ie(data):\\n    if len(data) \u003C 2:\\n        raise ValueError('missing IE type')\\n    ie_type = int.from_bytes(data[0:2], 'big')\\n    length = int.from_bytes(data[2:4], 'big')\\n    value = data[4:4 + length]\\n    if len(value) != length:\\n        raise ValueError('truncated IE value')\\n    return ie_type, value\\n\", \"bug_root_cause\": \"The initial boundary check verifies only that the two-octet IE type is present. It does not require the complete four-octet IE header before reading the length field.\", \"defect_category\": \"Boundary condition handling error\", \"validation_result\": \"Failed\", \"affected_information_element\": \"PFCP IE length field\"}","文本","With input 0060, the length slice data[2:4] is empty and int.from_bytes returns zero. The code then returns an IE with an empty value instead of rejecting the incomplete header.","{\"protocol_name\": \"PFCP (N4)\", \"message_type\": \"Generic PFCP IE header\", \"encoded_message_hex\": \"0060\", \"test_condition\": \"The input ends after the two-octet IE type and contains neither octet of the required length field.\", \"expected_behavior\": \"Reject the input as a truncated IE header before interpreting a length or returning an IE value.\"}","def parse_ie(data):\n    if len(data) \u003C 2:\n        raise ValueError('missing IE type')\n    ie_type = int.from_bytes(data[0:2], 'big')\n    length = int.from_bytes(data[2:4], 'big')\n    value = data[4:4 + length]\n    if len(value) != length:\n        raise ValueError('truncated IE value')\n    return ie_type, value\n","The initial boundary check verifies only that the two-octet IE type is present. It does not require the complete four-octet IE header before reading the length field.","Boundary condition handling error","Failed","PFCP IE length field",{"id":656,"relate_table":644,"relate_id":657,"file_size":573,"file_name":8,"path":8,"duration":573,"cate":483,"file_format":8,"audio_rate":8,"audio_channel":522,"audio_bit_depth":522,"quality":8,"annotation":658,"cate_name":647,"evidence":659,"test_case":660,"source_code":661,"bug_root_cause":662,"defect_category":663,"validation_result":653,"affected_information_element":664},14739,1825645628,"{\"evidence\": \"The input flags octet is 0x02. The condition flags & 0x03 therefore reads the first four IPv6 octets as IPv4, leaving only twelve octets for the subsequent IPv6 conversion, which requires sixteen.\", \"test_case\": \"{\\\"protocol_name\\\": \\\"PFCP (N4)\\\", \\\"message_type\\\": \\\"F-SEID IE\\\", \\\"encoded_message_hex\\\": \\\"0039001902010203040506070820010db8000000000000000000000001\\\", \\\"test_condition\\\": \\\"The F-SEID flags indicate IPv6 is present and IPv4 is absent; the value contains a SEID followed by a 16-octet IPv6 address.\\\", \\\"expected_behavior\\\": \\\"Parse the SEID and IPv6 address 2001:db8::1, leave the IPv4 address absent, and consume the entire IE value.\\\"}\", \"source_code\": \"import ipaddress\\n\\ndef parse_fseid(data):\\n    if len(data) \u003C 4:\\n        raise ValueError('truncated IE header')\\n    ie_type = int.from_bytes(data[0:2], 'big')\\n    if ie_type != 57:\\n        raise ValueError('unexpected IE type')\\n    length = int.from_bytes(data[2:4], 'big')\\n    value = data[4:4 + length]\\n    if len(value) != length or len(value) \u003C 9:\\n        raise ValueError('truncated F-SEID')\\n    flags = value[0]\\n    seid = int.from_bytes(value[1:9], 'big')\\n    offset = 9\\n    ipv4 = None\\n    ipv6 = None\\n    if flags & 0x03:\\n        ipv4 = ipaddress.IPv4Address(value[offset:offset + 4])\\n        offset += 4\\n    if flags & 0x02:\\n        ipv6 = ipaddress.IPv6Address(value[offset:offset + 16])\\n        offset += 16\\n    if offset != len(value):\\n        raise ValueError('unexpected F-SEID length')\\n    return seid, ipv4, ipv6\\n\", \"bug_root_cause\": \"The IPv4 presence check uses mask 0x03, which is set when either the IPv4 or IPv6 flag is present. It should test only the IPv4 flag, so an IPv6-only value is incorrectly consumed as if it included IPv4.\", \"defect_category\": \"Optional field handling error\", \"validation_result\": \"Failed\", \"affected_information_element\": \"F-SEID IPv4 and IPv6 address fields\"}","The input flags octet is 0x02. The condition flags & 0x03 therefore reads the first four IPv6 octets as IPv4, leaving only twelve octets for the subsequent IPv6 conversion, which requires sixteen.","{\"protocol_name\": \"PFCP (N4)\", \"message_type\": \"F-SEID IE\", \"encoded_message_hex\": \"0039001902010203040506070820010db8000000000000000000000001\", \"test_condition\": \"The F-SEID flags indicate IPv6 is present and IPv4 is absent; the value contains a SEID followed by a 16-octet IPv6 address.\", \"expected_behavior\": \"Parse the SEID and IPv6 address 2001:db8::1, leave the IPv4 address absent, and consume the entire IE value.\"}","import ipaddress\n\ndef parse_fseid(data):\n    if len(data) \u003C 4:\n        raise ValueError('truncated IE header')\n    ie_type = int.from_bytes(data[0:2], 'big')\n    if ie_type != 57:\n        raise ValueError('unexpected IE type')\n    length = int.from_bytes(data[2:4], 'big')\n    value = data[4:4 + length]\n    if len(value) != length or len(value) \u003C 9:\n        raise ValueError('truncated F-SEID')\n    flags = value[0]\n    seid = int.from_bytes(value[1:9], 'big')\n    offset = 9\n    ipv4 = None\n    ipv6 = None\n    if flags & 0x03:\n        ipv4 = ipaddress.IPv4Address(value[offset:offset + 4])\n        offset += 4\n    if flags & 0x02:\n        ipv6 = ipaddress.IPv6Address(value[offset:offset + 16])\n        offset += 16\n    if offset != len(value):\n        raise ValueError('unexpected F-SEID length')\n    return seid, ipv4, ipv6\n","The IPv4 presence check uses mask 0x03, which is set when either the IPv4 or IPv6 flag is present. It should test only the IPv4 flag, so an IPv6-only value is incorrectly consumed as if it included IPv4.","Optional field handling error","F-SEID IPv4 and IPv6 address fields",{"id":666,"relate_table":644,"relate_id":667,"file_size":573,"file_name":8,"path":8,"duration":573,"cate":483,"file_format":8,"audio_rate":8,"audio_channel":522,"audio_bit_depth":522,"quality":8,"annotation":668,"cate_name":647,"evidence":669,"test_case":670,"source_code":671,"bug_root_cause":672,"defect_category":673,"validation_result":653,"affected_information_element":674},14738,771148192,"{\"evidence\": \"For this input, the buffer has 7 octets and the declared payload length is 4, so len(data) \u003C length is false. The subsequent slice returns only three payload octets instead of rejecting the IE.\", \"test_case\": \"{\\\"protocol_name\\\": \\\"PFCP (N4)\\\", \\\"message_type\\\": \\\"Recovery Time Stamp IE\\\", \\\"encoded_message_hex\\\": \\\"00600004010203\\\", \\\"test_condition\\\": \\\"The IE header declares a four-octet value, but only three value octets follow the header.\\\", \\\"expected_behavior\\\": \\\"Reject the IE because the available value is shorter than the declared length; do not return a partial value.\\\"}\", \"source_code\": \"def parse_ie(data):\\n    ie_type = int.from_bytes(data[0:2], 'big')\\n    length = int.from_bytes(data[2:4], 'big')\\n    if len(data) \u003C length:\\n        raise ValueError('truncated IE')\\n    return ie_type, data[4:4 + length]\\n\", \"bug_root_cause\": \"The truncation check compares the total buffer length with the payload length, without accounting for the four-octet IE header. As a result, a short payload can pass the check.\", \"defect_category\": \"Length handling error\", \"validation_result\": \"Failed\", \"affected_information_element\": \"Recovery Time Stamp IE value\"}","For this input, the buffer has 7 octets and the declared payload length is 4, so len(data) \u003C length is false. The subsequent slice returns only three payload octets instead of rejecting the IE.","{\"protocol_name\": \"PFCP (N4)\", \"message_type\": \"Recovery Time Stamp IE\", \"encoded_message_hex\": \"00600004010203\", \"test_condition\": \"The IE header declares a four-octet value, but only three value octets follow the header.\", \"expected_behavior\": \"Reject the IE because the available value is shorter than the declared length; do not return a partial value.\"}","def parse_ie(data):\n    ie_type = int.from_bytes(data[0:2], 'big')\n    length = int.from_bytes(data[2:4], 'big')\n    if len(data) \u003C length:\n        raise ValueError('truncated IE')\n    return ie_type, data[4:4 + length]\n","The truncation check compares the total buffer length with the payload length, without accounting for the four-octet IE header. As a result, a short payload can pass the check.","Length handling error","Recovery Time Stamp IE value","{\"evidence\":\"With input 0060, the length slice data[2:4] is empty and int.from_bytes returns zero. The code then returns an IE with an empty value instead of rejecting the incomplete header.\",\"test_case\":\"{\\\"protocol_name\\\": \\\"PFCP (N4)\\\", \\\"message_type\\\": \\\"Generic PFCP IE header\\\", \\\"encoded_message_hex\\\": \\\"0060\\\", \\\"test_condition\\\": \\\"The input ends after the two-octet IE type and contains neither octet of the required length field.\\\", \\\"expected_behavior\\\": \\\"Reject the input as a truncated IE header before interpreting a length or returning an IE value.\\\"}\",\"source_code\":\"def parse_ie(data):\\n    if len(data) \u003C 2:\\n        raise ValueError('missing IE type')\\n    ie_type = int.from_bytes(data[0:2], 'big')\\n    length = int.from_bytes(data[2:4], 'big')\\n    value = data[4:4 + length]\\n    if len(value) != length:\\n        raise ValueError('truncated IE value')\\n    return ie_type, value\\n\",\"bug_root_cause\":\"The initial boundary check verifies only that the two-octet IE type is present. It does not require the complete four-octet IE header before reading the length field.\",\"defect_category\":\"Boundary condition handling error\",\"validation_result\":\"Failed\",\"affected_information_element\":\"PFCP IE length field\"}","MOBIUSI INC","https:\u002F\u002Fstatic.mobiusi.com\u002Fmobiwusi\u002F20250829\u002F7bf4ac62b4533e2b809998a6f1c5491e.png?Expires=1792463130&OSSAccessKeyId=LTAI5tH8MQqhgeiAtrzCHrxM&Signature=v6Tr8jBrdm4s5wU1SnnyGsYg%2Bhw%3D&x-oss-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_fill%2Cw_35%2Ch_35",[679,685],{"type":680,"title":681,"count_data":682},"bar","Length distribution",[683],{"name":684,"value":483},"1k lower",{"type":686,"title":687,"count_data":688},"pie","Language distribution",[689],{"name":690,"value":483},"English"]