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covers closed-domain questions on hamza position and seat letters, word joining and separation, final letters, ta marbuta, and spelling exceptions. Records provide normalized questions and answers, with rule categories, statements, analyses, and examples where available, supporting Arabic writing-rule retrieval, domain fine-tuning, and QA evaluation.\u003C\u002Fp>","2026-10-15 18:03:44","2026-10-19 17:19:10","0.00",22,0,5000,"Arabic orthography,hamza rules,Arabic spelling QA,Arabic spelling standards,ta marbuta,Arabic closed-domain QA,Arabic SFT dataset,Arabic language model","Arabic orthography QA covering hamza, word joining and separation, and spelling exceptions for domain fine-tuning, reference, and evaluation.","JSON","0.3GB","Arabic orthography education, hamza spelling rules, Arabic spelling instruction","question answering, spelling rule identification, grammatical reasoning","V1.0","rivo\u002Fsample-packages\u002F76a89317-faa2-4180-80dc-b99c1adbb76f\u002F20261015.zip",[584,589,594,600,605,610,616,621,627,632,637],{"id":573,"name":585,"field":586,"intro":587,"type":588},"File Name","file_name","File name","string",{"id":590,"name":591,"field":592,"intro":593,"type":588},8920,"Normalized Answer","answer","A direct answer based on the original webpage content, including the relevant rule decision and explanation.",{"id":595,"name":596,"field":597,"intro":598,"type":599},8921,"Rule Examples","examples","Arabic words, letter forms, or spelling examples used to explain the rule, with accompanying explanations.","array",{"id":601,"name":602,"field":603,"intro":604,"type":599},8922,"Rule Keywords","keywords","Arabic orthography keywords extracted from the question and answer for retrieval or categorization.",{"id":606,"name":607,"field":608,"intro":609,"type":588},8923,"Normalized Question","question","A clear, closed-domain question about Arabic orthography, derived from the original QA content.",{"id":611,"name":612,"field":613,"intro":614,"type":615},8924,"Has Exception","has_exception","Indicates whether the QA content involves a spelling exception or special convention.","boolean",{"id":617,"name":618,"field":619,"intro":620,"type":588},8925,"Rule Category","rule_category","The main Arabic orthography rule category addressed by the QA record.",{"id":622,"name":623,"field":624,"intro":625,"type":626},8926,"Original Webpage QA Record","source_record","The original question-and-answer content collected from a spelling instruction webpage, together with source page information.","object",{"id":628,"name":629,"field":630,"intro":631,"type":626},8927,"Hamza Analysis","hamza_analysis","A structured explanation of hamza position, seat letter, and decision criteria when relevant; may be empty when the question does not concern hamza.",{"id":633,"name":634,"field":635,"intro":636,"type":588},8928,"Rule Statement","rule_statement","A concise statement of the core spelling convention, suitable for rule-based decisions.",{"id":638,"name":639,"field":640,"intro":641,"type":588},8929,"Spelling Exception Notes","exception_notes","Notes on exceptions, special word forms, traditional spellings, or cases where a rule should not be generalized.",[643,647,651,655],{"id":644,"question":645,"answer":646},6355,"What topics does the dataset cover?","It is based on Arabic spelling instruction webpages and covers hamza position and seat letters, word joining and separation, final letters, ta marbuta, and spelling exceptions. Records include normalized questions and answers with related rule information.",{"id":648,"question":649,"answer":650},6356,"How are the records structured?","Records include source webpage QA information, normalized questions and answers, rule categories, and rule statements. Hamza analysis may be included when relevant, along with examples, exception notes, and retrieval keywords. Refer to the dataset schema for the exact fields.",{"id":652,"question":653,"answer":654},6357,"Which training and evaluation tasks does it support?","It supports Arabic spelling QA, closed-domain QA training, domain-specific supervised fine-tuning, and evaluation of rule decisions and exception handling. For formal teaching or publication, verify specific conclusions against authoritative Arabic orthography references.",{"id":656,"question":657,"answer":658},6358,"How can I access the data, and what are the licensing terms?","Refer to the product page for available access methods, file specifications, and licensing terms. Since the content is sourced from instructional webpages, confirm the product license and any source-related rights before use, redistribution, or commercial deployment.",[660,678,692],{"id":661,"relate_table":662,"relate_id":663,"file_size":573,"file_name":664,"path":8,"duration":573,"cate":483,"file_format":665,"audio_rate":8,"audio_channel":522,"audio_bit_depth":522,"quality":8,"annotation":666,"cate_name":667,"answer":668,"examples":669,"keywords":670,"question":671,"has_exception":672,"rule_category":673,"source_record":674,"hamza_analysis":675,"rule_statement":676,"exception_notes":677},15078,"union_cubo",1951703989,"样例_3.json","json","{\"answer\": \"The hamza in “جُزْء” is final, and the preceding ز has sukūn (ْ). According to the common rules for final hamza, when the preceding letter has sukūn, the hamza may be written standalone on the line, forming “ء”. Therefore the word is written “جُزْء”, meaning 'part'.\", \"examples\": \"[{\\\"arabic_example\\\": \\\"جُزْء\\\", \\\"transliteration_or_translation\\\": \\\"juz', 'part'\\\", \\\"explanation\\\": \\\"The ز before the final hamza has sukūn, so the hamza is written standalone on the line.\\\"}, {\\\"arabic_example\\\": \\\"مَلْجَأ\\\", \\\"transliteration_or_translation\\\": \\\"malja', 'refuge'\\\", \\\"explanation\\\": \\\"This is an example of a final hamza written on alif; the preceding letter ج has fatḥa, thus forming أ, not the standalone ء.\\\"}, {\\\"arabic_example\\\": \\\"قَارِئ\\\", \\\"transliteration_or_translation\\\": \\\"qāri', 'reader'\\\", \\\"explanation\\\": \\\"This is an example of a final hamza written on the yāʾ carrier; the preceding letter ر has kasra, so it is written ئ.\\\"}]\", \"keywords\": \"[\\\"final hamza\\\", \\\"standalone hamza\\\", \\\"ء\\\", \\\"sukūn\\\", \\\"final carrier letter\\\", \\\"جُزْء\\\"]\", \"question\": \"Why is the final hamza in “جُزْء” written standalone on the line?\", \"has_exception\": \"true\", \"rule_category\": \"Hamza position\", \"source_record\": \"{\\\"raw_question\\\": \\\"Why is the final hamza in “جُزْء” written standalone on the line?\\\", \\\"raw_answer\\\": \\\"The hamza in “جُزْء” is final. The spelling of a final hamza is mainly determined by the preceding letter and its vowel; when the preceding letter has sukūn, the hamza is usually written standalone on the line, so it is written ء, not أ, ؤ, or ئ.\\\", \\\"page_title\\\": \\\"Writing rules for final hamza in Arabic\\\"}\", \"hamza_analysis\": \"{\\\"position\\\": \\\"Final\\\", \\\"seat\\\": \\\"standalone form, written on the line (ء)\\\", \\\"preceding_letter\\\": \\\"ز (with sukūn: زْ)\\\", \\\"following_letter\\\": \\\"None; the hamza is at the end of the word\\\", \\\"decision_reason\\\": \\\"The preceding letter ز has sukūn, so there is no kasra, ḍamma, or fatḥa requiring the hamza to be carried on ئ, ؤ, or أ; therefore the final hamza is written standalone as ء.\\\"}\", \"rule_statement\": \"The carrier form of a final hamza is mainly determined by the vowel of the preceding letter; when the preceding letter has sukūn or is in a corresponding long-vowel environment, the hamza is often written standalone on the line.\", \"exception_notes\": \"The complete determination of a final hamza also requires considering whether the preceding letter is a long-vowel letter and traditional word forms; one cannot mechanically choose the same carrier form based only on the hamza being in final position.\"}","文本","The hamza in “جُزْء” is final, and the preceding ز has sukūn (ْ). According to the common rules for final hamza, when the preceding letter has sukūn, the hamza may be written standalone on the line, forming “ء”. Therefore the word is written “جُزْء”, meaning 'part'.","[{\"arabic_example\": \"جُزْء\", \"transliteration_or_translation\": \"juz', 'part'\", \"explanation\": \"The ز before the final hamza has sukūn, so the hamza is written standalone on the line.\"}, {\"arabic_example\": \"مَلْجَأ\", \"transliteration_or_translation\": \"malja', 'refuge'\", \"explanation\": \"This is an example of a final hamza written on alif; the preceding letter ج has fatḥa, thus forming أ, not the standalone ء.\"}, {\"arabic_example\": \"قَارِئ\", \"transliteration_or_translation\": \"qāri', 'reader'\", \"explanation\": \"This is an example of a final hamza written on the yāʾ carrier; the preceding letter ر has kasra, so it is written ئ.\"}]","[\"final hamza\", \"standalone hamza\", \"ء\", \"sukūn\", \"final carrier letter\", \"جُزْء\"]","Why is the final hamza in “جُزْء” written standalone on the line?","true","Hamza position","{\"raw_question\": \"Why is the final hamza in “جُزْء” written standalone on the line?\", \"raw_answer\": \"The hamza in “جُزْء” is final. The spelling of a final hamza is mainly determined by the preceding letter and its vowel; when the preceding letter has sukūn, the hamza is usually written standalone on the line, so it is written ء, not أ, ؤ, or ئ.\", \"page_title\": \"Writing rules for final hamza in Arabic\"}","{\"position\": \"Final\", \"seat\": \"standalone form, written on the line (ء)\", \"preceding_letter\": \"ز (with sukūn: زْ)\", \"following_letter\": \"None; the hamza is at the end of the word\", \"decision_reason\": \"The preceding letter ز has sukūn, so there is no kasra, ḍamma, or fatḥa requiring the hamza to be carried on ئ, ؤ, or أ; therefore the final hamza is written standalone as ء.\"}","The carrier form of a final hamza is mainly determined by the vowel of the preceding letter; when the preceding letter has sukūn or is in a corresponding long-vowel environment, the hamza is often written standalone on the line.","The complete determination of a final hamza also requires considering whether the preceding letter is a long-vowel letter and traditional word forms; one cannot mechanically choose the same carrier form based only on the hamza being in final position.",{"id":679,"relate_table":662,"relate_id":680,"file_size":573,"file_name":681,"path":8,"duration":573,"cate":483,"file_format":665,"audio_rate":8,"audio_channel":522,"audio_bit_depth":522,"quality":8,"annotation":682,"cate_name":667,"answer":683,"examples":684,"keywords":685,"question":686,"has_exception":672,"rule_category":687,"source_record":688,"hamza_analysis":689,"rule_statement":690,"exception_notes":691},15077,562541295,"样例_2.json","{\"answer\": \"The final letter in “مدرسة” and “شجرة” is tāʾ marbūṭah (ة), not an ordinary ه. Tāʾ marbūṭah commonly appears at the end of feminine nouns and adjectives; in pause it is usually pronounced a or ah, while in connected recitation or when a grammatical ending appears it is usually pronounced t. Its shape has two dots, which distinguishes it from ه.\", \"examples\": \"[{\\\"arabic_example\\\": \\\"مَدْرَسَة\\\", \\\"transliteration_or_translation\\\": \\\"madrasa, 'school'\\\", \\\"explanation\\\": \\\"This is a feminine noun, and its ending uses tāʾ marbūṭah (ة) with two dots, not the similar-looking ordinary ه.\\\"}, {\\\"arabic_example\\\": \\\"شَجَرَة\\\", \\\"transliteration_or_translation\\\": \\\"shajara, 'tree'\\\", \\\"explanation\\\": \\\"This word is the feminine noun 'tree'; its final ة is usually pronounced a or ah in pause, and may show a t sound in connected recitation.\\\"}]\", \"keywords\": \"[\\\"tāʾ marbūṭah\\\", \\\"ة\\\", \\\"ordinary ه\\\", \\\"feminine noun\\\", \\\"pause pronunciation\\\", \\\"connected recitation\\\"]\", \"question\": \"Why do “مدرسة” and “شجرة” end in tāʾ marbūṭah (ة) rather than an ordinary ه?\", \"has_exception\": \"true\", \"rule_category\": \"Tāʾ marbūṭah\", \"source_record\": \"{\\\"raw_question\\\": \\\"Why do “مدرسة” and “شجرة” end in tāʾ marbūṭah (ة) rather than an ordinary ه?\\\", \\\"raw_answer\\\": \\\"Tāʾ marbūṭah is usually used at the end of many feminine nouns and adjectives. Its shape resembles ه and has two dots; in pause it is usually pronounced a or ah, and in connected recitation with grammatical endings it usually shows a t sound. Therefore “مدرسة” and “شجرة” are written as مدرسة and شجرة, respectively.\\\", \\\"page_title\\\": \\\"Usage of tāʾ marbūṭah in Arabic\\\"}\", \"hamza_analysis\": \"{}\", \"rule_statement\": \"Many feminine nouns and adjectives use tāʾ marbūṭah (ة) at the end; in pause it usually appears as the sound a or ah, while in connected recitation or with a grammatical ending it usually appears as the sound t.\", \"exception_notes\": \"The use of tāʾ marbūṭah is related to the lexical and grammatical properties of the word; one cannot rewrite every final a sound as ة based only on meaning or pronunciation; some feminine words use open ت.\"}","The final letter in “مدرسة” and “شجرة” is tāʾ marbūṭah (ة), not an ordinary ه. Tāʾ marbūṭah commonly appears at the end of feminine nouns and adjectives; in pause it is usually pronounced a or ah, while in connected recitation or when a grammatical ending appears it is usually pronounced t. Its shape has two dots, which distinguishes it from ه.","[{\"arabic_example\": \"مَدْرَسَة\", \"transliteration_or_translation\": \"madrasa, 'school'\", \"explanation\": \"This is a feminine noun, and its ending uses tāʾ marbūṭah (ة) with two dots, not the similar-looking ordinary ه.\"}, {\"arabic_example\": \"شَجَرَة\", \"transliteration_or_translation\": \"shajara, 'tree'\", \"explanation\": \"This word is the feminine noun 'tree'; its final ة is usually pronounced a or ah in pause, and may show a t sound in connected recitation.\"}]","[\"tāʾ marbūṭah\", \"ة\", \"ordinary ه\", \"feminine noun\", \"pause pronunciation\", \"connected recitation\"]","Why do “مدرسة” and “شجرة” end in tāʾ marbūṭah (ة) rather than an ordinary ه?","Tāʾ marbūṭah","{\"raw_question\": \"Why do “مدرسة” and “شجرة” end in tāʾ marbūṭah (ة) rather than an ordinary ه?\", \"raw_answer\": \"Tāʾ marbūṭah is usually used at the end of many feminine nouns and adjectives. Its shape resembles ه and has two dots; in pause it is usually pronounced a or ah, and in connected recitation with grammatical endings it usually shows a t sound. Therefore “مدرسة” and “شجرة” are written as مدرسة and شجرة, respectively.\", \"page_title\": \"Usage of tāʾ marbūṭah in Arabic\"}","{}","Many feminine nouns and adjectives use tāʾ marbūṭah (ة) at the end; in pause it usually appears as the sound a or ah, while in connected recitation or with a grammatical ending it usually appears as the sound t.","The use of tāʾ marbūṭah is related to the lexical and grammatical properties of the word; one cannot rewrite every final a sound as ة based only on meaning or pronunciation; some feminine words use open ت.",{"id":693,"relate_table":662,"relate_id":694,"file_size":573,"file_name":695,"path":8,"duration":573,"cate":483,"file_format":665,"audio_rate":8,"audio_channel":522,"audio_bit_depth":522,"quality":8,"annotation":696,"cate_name":667,"answer":697,"examples":698,"keywords":699,"question":700,"has_exception":701,"rule_category":673,"source_record":702,"hamza_analysis":703,"rule_statement":704,"exception_notes":705},15076,1129003604,"样例_1.json","{\"answer\": \"The hamza in “سُئِلَ” is written as “ئ”. It is medial, the hamza has kasra, and the preceding letter “س” has ḍamma. Because the determining strength of kasra is higher than that of ḍamma, the hamza should be carried on yāʾ, forming “ئ”.\", \"examples\": \"[{\\\"arabic_example\\\": \\\"سُئِلَ\\\", \\\"transliteration_or_translation\\\": \\\"su'ila, 'was asked'\\\", \\\"explanation\\\": \\\"The hamza is medial and has kasra, and the preceding س has ḍamma; kasra is stronger, so it is written ئ.\\\"}, {\\\"arabic_example\\\": \\\"بِئْر\\\", \\\"transliteration_or_translation\\\": \\\"bi'r, 'well'\\\", \\\"explanation\\\": \\\"The ب before the medial hamza has kasra, and the hamza itself is silent; kasra prevails, so the hamza is written on yāʾ, forming ئ.\\\"}]\", \"keywords\": \"[\\\"hamza\\\", \\\"medial hamza\\\", \\\"ئ\\\", \\\"yāʾ\\\", \\\"kasra\\\", \\\"ḍamma\\\"]\", \"question\": \"Why is the hamza in “سُئِلَ” written on the yāʾ carrier?\", \"has_exception\": \"false\", \"rule_category\": \"Hamza position\", \"source_record\": \"{\\\"raw_question\\\": \\\"Why is the hamza in “سُئِلَ” written on the yāʾ carrier?\\\", \\\"raw_answer\\\": \\\"The hamza in “سُئِلَ” is written as “ئ” because this is a medial hamza. When determining the carrier letter, compare the vowel strength of the hamza itself and the preceding letter; the hamza has kasra, the preceding letter has ḍamma, and kasra is stronger than ḍamma, so the hamza is written on the yāʾ carrier.\\\", \\\"page_title\\\": \\\"Rules for the carrier of medial hamza in Arabic\\\"}\", \"hamza_analysis\": \"{\\\"position\\\": \\\"Medial\\\", \\\"seat\\\": \\\"yāʾ carrier (ئ)\\\", \\\"preceding_letter\\\": \\\"س (with ḍamma: سُ)\\\", \\\"following_letter\\\": \\\"ل (with fatḥa: لَ)\\\", \\\"decision_reason\\\": \\\"The hamza has kasra (ِ), and the preceding letter has ḍamma (ُ). In the common ordering of vowel strength, kasra is stronger than ḍamma, so yāʾ is chosen as the carrier letter.\\\"}\", \"rule_statement\": \"The carrier letter of a medial hamza is usually determined by the vowel strength of the hamza and the preceding letter; kasra is stronger than ḍamma, fatḥa, and sukūn, so it is preferentially written on yāʾ.\", \"exception_notes\": \"This example follows the general medial-hamza carrier rules; actual spelling also requires checking against full vowel marking and traditional word forms.\"}","The hamza in “سُئِلَ” is written as “ئ”. It is medial, the hamza has kasra, and the preceding letter “س” has ḍamma. Because the determining strength of kasra is higher than that of ḍamma, the hamza should be carried on yāʾ, forming “ئ”.","[{\"arabic_example\": \"سُئِلَ\", \"transliteration_or_translation\": \"su'ila, 'was asked'\", \"explanation\": \"The hamza is medial and has kasra, and the preceding س has ḍamma; kasra is stronger, so it is written ئ.\"}, {\"arabic_example\": \"بِئْر\", \"transliteration_or_translation\": \"bi'r, 'well'\", \"explanation\": \"The ب before the medial hamza has kasra, and the hamza itself is silent; kasra prevails, so the hamza is written on yāʾ, forming ئ.\"}]","[\"hamza\", \"medial hamza\", \"ئ\", \"yāʾ\", \"kasra\", \"ḍamma\"]","Why is the hamza in “سُئِلَ” written on the yāʾ carrier?","false","{\"raw_question\": \"Why is the hamza in “سُئِلَ” written on the yāʾ carrier?\", \"raw_answer\": \"The hamza in “سُئِلَ” is written as “ئ” because this is a medial hamza. When determining the carrier letter, compare the vowel strength of the hamza itself and the preceding letter; the hamza has kasra, the preceding letter has ḍamma, and kasra is stronger than ḍamma, so the hamza is written on the yāʾ carrier.\", \"page_title\": \"Rules for the carrier of medial hamza in Arabic\"}","{\"position\": \"Medial\", \"seat\": \"yāʾ carrier (ئ)\", \"preceding_letter\": \"س (with ḍamma: سُ)\", \"following_letter\": \"ل (with fatḥa: لَ)\", \"decision_reason\": \"The hamza has kasra (ِ), and the preceding letter has ḍamma (ُ). In the common ordering of vowel strength, kasra is stronger than ḍamma, so yāʾ is chosen as the carrier letter.\"}","The carrier letter of a medial hamza is usually determined by the vowel strength of the hamza and the preceding letter; kasra is stronger than ḍamma, fatḥa, and sukūn, so it is preferentially written on yāʾ.","This example follows the general medial-hamza carrier rules; actual spelling also requires checking against full vowel marking and traditional word forms.","{\"answer\":\"The hamza in “جُزْء” is final, and the preceding ز has sukūn (ْ). According to the common rules for final hamza, when the preceding letter has sukūn, the hamza may be written standalone on the line, forming “ء”. Therefore the word is written “جُزْء”, meaning 'part'.\",\"examples\":\"[{\\\"arabic_example\\\": \\\"جُزْء\\\", \\\"transliteration_or_translation\\\": \\\"juz', 'part'\\\", \\\"explanation\\\": \\\"The ز before the final hamza has sukūn, so the hamza is written standalone on the line.\\\"}, {\\\"arabic_example\\\": \\\"مَلْجَأ\\\", \\\"transliteration_or_translation\\\": \\\"malja', 'refuge'\\\", \\\"explanation\\\": \\\"This is an example of a final hamza written on alif; the preceding letter ج has fatḥa, thus forming أ, not the standalone ء.\\\"}, {\\\"arabic_example\\\": \\\"قَارِئ\\\", \\\"transliteration_or_translation\\\": \\\"qāri', 'reader'\\\", \\\"explanation\\\": \\\"This is an example of a final hamza written on the yāʾ carrier; the preceding letter ر has kasra, so it is written ئ.\\\"}]\",\"keywords\":\"[\\\"final hamza\\\", \\\"standalone hamza\\\", \\\"ء\\\", \\\"sukūn\\\", \\\"final carrier letter\\\", \\\"جُزْء\\\"]\",\"question\":\"Why is the final hamza in “جُزْء” written standalone on the line?\",\"has_exception\":\"true\",\"rule_category\":\"Hamza position\",\"source_record\":\"{\\\"raw_question\\\": \\\"Why is the final hamza in “جُزْء” written standalone on the line?\\\", \\\"raw_answer\\\": \\\"The hamza in “جُزْء” is final. The spelling of a final hamza is mainly determined by the preceding letter and its vowel; when the preceding letter has sukūn, the hamza is usually written standalone on the line, so it is written ء, not أ, ؤ, or ئ.\\\", \\\"page_title\\\": \\\"Writing rules for final hamza in Arabic\\\"}\",\"hamza_analysis\":\"{\\\"position\\\": \\\"Final\\\", \\\"seat\\\": \\\"standalone form, written on the line (ء)\\\", \\\"preceding_letter\\\": \\\"ز (with sukūn: زْ)\\\", \\\"following_letter\\\": \\\"None; the hamza is at the end of the word\\\", \\\"decision_reason\\\": \\\"The preceding letter ز has sukūn, so there is no kasra, ḍamma, or fatḥa requiring the hamza to be carried on ئ, ؤ, or أ; therefore the final hamza is written standalone as ء.\\\"}\",\"rule_statement\":\"The carrier form of a final hamza is mainly determined by the vowel of the preceding letter; when the preceding letter has sukūn or is in a corresponding long-vowel environment, the hamza is often written standalone on the line.\",\"exception_notes\":\"The complete determination of a final hamza also requires considering whether the preceding letter is a long-vowel letter and traditional word forms; one cannot mechanically choose the same carrier form based only on the hamza being in final position.\"}","MOBIUSI INC","https:\u002F\u002Fstatic.mobiusi.com\u002Fmobiwusi\u002F20250829\u002F7bf4ac62b4533e2b809998a6f1c5491e.png?Expires=1792463130&OSSAccessKeyId=LTAI5tH8MQqhgeiAtrzCHrxM&Signature=v6Tr8jBrdm4s5wU1SnnyGsYg%2Bhw%3D&x-oss-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_fill%2Cw_35%2Ch_35",[710,716],{"type":711,"title":712,"count_data":713},"bar","Length distribution",[714],{"name":715,"value":483},"1k lower",{"type":717,"title":718,"count_data":719},"pie","Language distribution",[720],{"name":721,"value":483},"English"]